MTL - Into Unscientific-Chapter 453 Old Yang: It doesn't matter, I will make a move
Chapter 453 Old Yang: It doesn't matter, I will make a move
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Although there are many emotions in my heart at this time, the emotions are extremely complicated.
But as a scientific researcher with an extremely rational personality, Xu Yun still has some clarity in his mind.
So he is clear.
Now is not an occasion for expressing thanks or expressing emotion. Physics enthusiasts all over the world are paying attention to the situation here.
Even complex emotions can only be discussed on stage.
Now his top priority is not to love his children, but to show his abilities as much as possible, so that Zhou Shaoping's good intentions cannot be wasted.
Think here.
Xu Yun couldn't help taking a deep breath, and cast a grateful look at Zhou Shaoping.
Immediately, the expression of the whole person returned to its original calm again.
As if nothing happened, he looked like a student asking for advice, and asked Zhou Shaoping:
"Academician Zhou, do you think my plan is feasible?"
Zhou Shaoping thought for a moment, then nodded:
"Doable."
Zhou Shaoping's words were not polite, Xu Yun's idea really surprised him a little.
Actually.
When Xu Yun was first named as an assistant, Zhou Shaoping did have a little idea of setting up a stage for Xu Yun, but the idea was not strong at first.
After all, the premise of setting up the stage is that Xu Yun has real talent and learning, or in other words, he has shown real talent and learning on a certain issue.
Otherwise, wouldn’t it be the same as bragging about acting skills without acting skills, or even false attendance?
If so.
Xu Yun, Zhou Shaoping and even the entire Chinese scientific community will be reduced to a laughing stock.
It is true that Zhou Shaoping is willing to be Chunni, but it does not mean that he will do some stupid things.
So at the beginning, he just wanted to wait and see first, to see if there was any chance to set a stage for Xu Yun.
The later part of the jam including the pseudo-scalar was also a real situation he encountered, not a trick of pretending.
The result was unexpected.
Xu Yun's thinking was so quick that he gave a very subtle calculation direction within a few minutes.
Combined with the background experience of cooperation in the Jinping Deep Earth Laboratory, Zhou Shaoping made such a decision temporarily.
That is, the 'cause' of Xu Yun's genuine ability is the 'result' Zhou Shaoping chose.
So for Xu Yun's idea, Zhou Shaoping really agrees with both hands.
After Zhou Shaoping made a decision.
Xu Yun no longer hesitated, and began to calculate the matrix elements of the rotation operator around the y-axis.
This is actually not an easy job.
The rotation matrix, like the Fermi surface, is also a multi-field thing.
For example, the shader also has a rotation matrix in the programming field, but the rotation matrix of the shader is very easy.
Just use the sine-cosine relationship to perform sine-cosine expansion, then make it into a matrix multiplication format, and then use three vector point multiplications as the orthogonal basis.
But in the field of particle physics
This matter is more complicated.
Because it involves the canonical quantization category of the real scalar field.
Well known.
For a classical mechanical system composed of n particles, its generalized coordinates can be defined as qi(i=1, 2, ., N).
where N=3n is the dimension of the generalized coordinate space.
At this time.
The Laplace function of the system is defined as:
L=L(qi, q˙i), this formula is marked as 1.
For the field Ψ, its Lagrangian density function L can be defined as:
L=L(Ψ, μΨ) is marked as 2.
And the Lagrangian density function L is a scalar, where the field Ψ can be a scalar, spinor, vector or tensor.
Therefore, in curved space-time, the Lagrangian density of the general matter field (except the gravitational field) should be written as:
L=L(Ψ, μΨ) is marked as 3.
For microscopic systems, gravity generally does not need to be considered, so we only care about Equation 2.
The Lagrangian function obtained from Equation 2 is:
L=∫L(Ψ,μΨ)d3x
=∫L(Ψ,Ψ,1ctΨ)d3x
=∫L(Ψ,1cΨ˙)d3x marks it as 4.
That's right.
See here.
Presumably many students have already understood it.
The meaning of this formula is very clear:
It can be understood as dividing the space into small boxes with a volume of dv, in which the average value of the field of the small box numbered i is Ψi, and let qi=Ψidv,
Then (4) can be written in the form of (1):
L=L(qi,q˙i).
In this way.
The physical meaning of the field quantity Ψ is equivalent to the generalized coordinates in formula (1), that is, a system can be constructed before the subsequent calculation can be formally carried out.
is still very simple and easy to understand.
Swish Swish Swish—
This time, Xu Yun did not rely on a computer for the derivation process, but performed calculations by hand.
After all, handwriting is easier to enter than the keyboard in many cases.
What's more, although Dirichlet's ranking in the history of mathematics is only in the early 20s, his calculation ability can enter the top ten:
During the night of Pluto, Dirichlet was in charge of calculating the deviation value of the Silver Economy. (Why did some people say yesterday that Xu Yun has never seen Dirichlet? Stretch your head and I will give you a buff)
So here and now.
Xu Yun can be said to be a real "god" in writing.
"The canonical momentum corresponding to qi is pi=Lq˙i, so the canonical momentum density can be defined as π(r, t)=L(tΨ
"So the Hamiltonian of the system is H=∫(π(r,t)tΨL)d3x"
"Consider the particle of 'Pluto' as a situation similar to a mass point, for the field, its operator has the following basic commutation relation, [π^(r, t), φ^(r', t)]=iδ3(rr ’) and [π^(r, t), π^(r′, t)]=[φ^(r, t), φ^(r′, t)]=0”
"So the Lagrangian density function of its free real scalar field φ is L=12ημνμφνφ12mcφ=12ctφ12(φ)12mc2φ."
The line-by-line formula was written down by Xu Yun.
Zhou Shaoping, who was opposite him, was not idle either, and took the initiative to work on spin angular momentum operators and their commutation relations and Pauli matrices.
"[s^i, s^j]=iijks^k"
"Order {s^+=s^x+is^ys^=s^xis^y"
"Then: [s^+, s^]=(s^x+is^y)(s^xis^y)(s^xis^y)(s^x+is^y)=i(s^ ys^xs^xs^y)+i(s^ys^xs^xs^y)=2i[s^y, s^x]=2i(is^z)=2s^z”
The sound of the contact between the fingertips and the calculation paper was unexpectedly pleasant at this time, as if playing a symphony with a special melody.
After a previous decision to separate calculations.
David Gross, Polyakov, Nima, Higgs, Te Hooft and others also convened assistants and helpers to form a calculation team.
Each team consists of at least two people, more than three, and Higgs' team has four.
The calculation content of each team is consistent, that is, multiple groups perform calculations together, and finally compare the results, so as to avoid errors affecting the calculation.
At the same time, for the convenience of the audience, several major live broadcast platforms also thoughtfully provided the live broadcast angles of the corresponding groups.
This kind of thing is very common in 2023.
For example, games will have players’ perspectives, sports games will have multiple camera positions, etc.
In the basketball game on a certain news platform, there is even a drinking fountain perspective, which can be called murderous.
And in these major perspectives.
As the computing team representing the host team, Zhou Shaoping and Xu Yun received the highest attention.
Currently, the popularity of Zhou Shaoping’s group is much higher than that of Te Hooft and others, even the protagonist Wei Teng is not as popular, but it is a well-deserved popular perspective.
The high degree of attention has in turn prompted the photographers to focus on Zhou Shaoping and Xu Yun.
Such as this moment.
The backstage of the live broadcast deliberately divided the images of Xu Yun and the others into two groups of precise shots.
One group is relatively normal, including the pictures of the area where Xu Yun and the two are sitting, which is the standard frontal image that everyone recognizes.
Using a specific example to describe it, it is somewhat similar to the scene where the host organizes the speech when the host ends the broadcast in the news network.
The other group is quite special—it is a telephoto picture.
The camera is located above the heads of Xu Yun and Zhou Shaoping, and the screen captures the content of Xu Yun and Zhou Shaoping's calculation paper.
That is, through this lens, the audience can understand Xu Yun's calculation ideas and progress.
While Xu Yun and Zhou Shaoping were calculating the data.
In the major live broadcast rooms, there are also a large number of bullet screens floating by, and it looks very lively:
【Grass, I’m blind! 】
【Who can tell me what this thing is. Are physics people so scary? 】
【I feel that there seems to be a callus on the knuckle of Dr. Xu's right index finger. Could it be left by long-term dancing with a spear and stick】
【There is a question, is the density function wrong? Why is tφ=c2π? 】
【The above is correct, here we need to use boundary conditions, Dr. Xu simplified it】
【Oatmeal Search Roast Fish Restaurant No. 5 Branch】
【Cpdd! 】
All kinds of gossip, complaints, and barrage of academic exchanges filled the major live broadcast rooms.
At the same time, there are also various dynamic updates on major social media.
More than 90% of the content of these dynamics is complaining about not being able to understand the calculation process, like a bible.
There are still a small number of civil sciences who say that physics does not exist, and take the opportunity to promote that they have overturned the theory of relativity, hoping that someone can pay for printing works.
In addition, there are some other people who, like the previous Liner Lab, are competing with Xu Yun and others with a sense of competitiveness.
For example, a blogger whose nickname is Dongfang Xile and whose certification information is 'Researcher of High Energy Physics Research Group of National Science Base' soon posted a post:
【(Frightened emoticon package) I took a look at the live broadcast. Judging from the current progress, the derivation speed of the group of Academician Zhou and Dr. Xu seems to be a little faster than that of Gross.】
I don’t know if some keywords were triggered.
This Weibo was quickly posted on the square's homepage and gained a lot of exposure.
Less than two minutes.
The number of Weibo comments exceeded 100.
Among them, the nickname of the most popular comment is [Promised to be King], and the content is very simple:
【real or fake? 】.
The reply below this comment is only on the second floor, and the main reason for being able to get to the first place is because the comment is early.
But the second most popular floor is different.
The comment account on the second floor is also a big V, the certification label is a graduate student in the Department of Physics of Harbin Institute of Technology, and the nickname is wink:
[Academician Zhou’s progress is faster than that of Gross’s group, but the starting directions of the two groups are different. Although Academician Zhou and the others are temporarily leading, how to fit the condition of continuous single value and bounded is a big problem, at least for me Discussed with several brothers, no one can think of a suitable solution. 】
There are more replies in this building, and they are basically professionals or physics enthusiasts who are concerned about this matter.
In just a few minutes, everyone discussed more than 40 floors.
However, including the blogger Dongfang Xile, the plans that everyone came up with were all rejected one after another.
Then another ten minutes passed.
wink suddenly posted an independent update on his personal page:
【Fuck, I’ve learned a lot, and can I still answer it from a specific wave number? 】
wink is also considered a niche blogger, with a lot of followers on his account.
So soon, a fan left a message:
【W is big, which means that Dr. Xu Yun is really powerful? 】
Ten seconds later.
Following the news, Dongfang Joy and wink sent replies one after another:
【It’s really powerful, much better than me】
【. How about being extremely strong, I don’t know how the brain grows, maybe there is a cheat to ask God (laughs), in short, we can look forward to it in the future, this child is so terrifying! 】
Right now.
As the live broadcast continued, some similar comments appeared one after another in every corner of the Internet.
The more people in the industry, the more they understand the strength Xu Yun has shown this time—except for that jealous sour guy.
all in all.
A subtle image of a schoolmaster slowly formed in some people's minds.
Even within individual feeds.
Some people have already interpreted Xu Yun's fledgling status as a closed social circle caused by his dedication to academics, and praised that this is the spirit of scientific research.
In some more troublesome water blowing groups, there are even members of the sand sculpture group playing the Dragon Ball stalk of "Let's raise our hands and lend our strength to Xu Yun".
Of course.
This kind of meme has a little more meaning, but at least it is emotionally friendly.
This is the beauty of the Internet age.
After an image begins to be established, even if it is not so three-dimensional in the initial stage, it can become some foreshadowing in the future.
Of course.
At this time, Xu Yun did not understand these remarks on the Internet.
Now he and Zhou Shaoping have been advancing smoothly for a period of time, and finally encountered the biggest challenge they have faced today.
Well known.
Compared with classical mechanics, particle physics has a very obvious feature:
Particle physics transforms mechanical quantities into operators, and treats mechanical quantities as operators.
So after calculating the Lagrangian density.
Xu Yun and the others have to transform the canonical momentum density and field quantity into operators before proceeding to the next step.
“.”
On the desk.
Looking at the counting paper in front of him, Zhou Shaoping was silent for a moment, and said to Xu Yun:
"Xiao Xu, do you have any ideas?"
Xu Yun quickly wrote half a line of formula on the paper with a pen, paused the tip of the pen, turned around and drew a line along the waist of the formula, and shook his head at the same time:
“.Not yet, how about you?”
Zhou Shaoping also shook his head.
Seeing this, Xu Yun looked at Zhou Shaoping calmly.
I found that the well-known academician's expression was very serious at this time, and he didn't seem to be pretending deliberately.
Actually.
At this point, there is no need for Zhou Shaoping to deliberately create opportunities for Xu Yun, one time is enough for similar things.
Then he looked at David Gross and Polyakov again, and the nibs of the two groups did not stop.
Xu Yun saw a few plural C characters on their manuscript paper, which means that the entry point of the two big guys' team is the limited-angle vector rotation model.
See this scenario.
A trace of hesitation flashed in Xu Yun's eyes.
In the previous calculation process, he actually considered this direction.
After all, in terms of difficulty, vector rotation with a limited angle is easier than designing a matrix element that rotates around the y-axis.
but
For some reason, Xu Yun always felt that there seemed to be some inexplicable problems in this direction.
In addition, at this time, he still has Dirichlet's mind card attached to him, and his field of vision is not only comparable to that of Gauss Wheat, but at least higher than that of David Gross and others:
David Gross and Polyakov are ranked between 5-8 in current physics, and they belong to the existence above the Nobel Prize, but they are not particularly high in the entire history of physics.
If they hadn't had a dazzling breakthrough before their death, their ranking in the history of physics would probably be between 60-80, which is Landau's 1.5-2 gear.
With his own premonition and the field of vision given by Dirichlet, Xu Yun finally chose to give up the limited angle vector rotation.
But the current operatorization has really stumped Xu Yun and Zhou Shaoping.
If this problem is not resolved, everything that follows will be empty talk.
Considering that language communication may give some black people the opportunity to hit the morale of the live broadcast, Xu Yun and Zhou Shaoping mainly communicated in written language in the following time.
Basically, one party writes down a few formulas, and the other party can quickly understand them.
“.”
More than ten minutes later.
Xu Yun shook his head towards Zhou Shaoping again, and sighed secretly.
This is already the fifth time the two of them have rejected the plan together. Whether it is the method Xu Yun came up with or Zhou Shaoping's inspiration, the problem was quickly found out.
Think here.
Xu Yun's brows furrowed even more.
Mentioned earlier.
The ‘Pluto’ particle does not belong to the known subatomic particles, so it is better to say ‘customization’ than ‘computation’ if you want to handle its operatorization process.
That is, many steps cannot refer to known models, which is much more difficult than the operatorization of ordinary particles.
Even with the blessing of Dirichlet's vision, Xu Yun is still a little embarrassed at this time.
And just when Xu Yun and Zhou Shaoping felt a little anxious.
A weak voice suddenly sounded from behind Xu Yun:
"Xiao Xu, try to make a specific wave number K, treat the field quantity as a wave function instead of a coordinate operator, and try to calculate its general solution."
Do not know why.
When Xu Yun heard this voice, he subconsciously thought of Mr. Wang in Jinping Laboratory at that time.
Then he turned his head curiously, wanting to see who the other party was.
As a result, after seeing this person's face clearly, Xu Yun stood up from his seat with a "whoosh" and said in surprise:
"Old Yang?! How did you get here?"
That's right.
The person standing behind Xu Yun who made the sound was Mr. Yang who hadn't spoken much today!
At this time, Elder Yang's face was still a little sluggish, but perhaps because he had rested in his seat for a while, his spirit was much better than before.
Seeing Xu Yun looking at him in surprise, Mr. Yang smiled and stretched out his right palm and pressed it down:
"After a short rest, I feel better, Xiao Xu, you should go back to your seat first and see if my plan can be used. Our time is limited."
Hearing what Mr. Yang said, Xu Yun quickly recovered from his previous surprise.
He quickly pulled a chair from his side for Mr. Yang to sit down, and then he himself sat back on the seat.
Although I have a lot to say in my heart, it is obviously not a good time to chat.
Old Yang's tone was a little hesitant. It could be seen that he was affected by his energy, and he was not so sure about his own thoughts.
Then Xu Yun took a deep breath, forced himself to calm down, and quickly calculated on the paper.
The eigenstate equation of the Hamiltonian operator calculated by Xu Yun before is as follows:
H^=∑k(c/2(iφk)+ωkcφk/2)
Here we can clearly see that the identity of the field quantity φk is a generalized coordinate operator.
This operator and the subsequent spin variable σ have an obvious abnormal interval φk and an i, and the two cannot be connected through transformation.
But if you think of it as a wave function
Mentioned earlier.
The wave function is a complex number, and a complex number can have an imaginary part.
The reason why the probability equation of the particle orbit cannot use the imaginary part is because the mass may be negative, but the operatorization process does not need to take this into account.
seems
Really feasible?
Think here.
Xu Yun's speed of writing was much faster.
"H=∫(c/2π(r,t)12cφttφ)d3r"
"ttφ=Ekφ, Ek=kc+mc^4"
"The wave number k is the reciprocal of the wavelength, that is, k=2πλ, which satisfies the energy relationship of the theory of relativity, so ttφk=ωkφk."
"At the same time, for a free field, the energy density corresponding to the wave number k is uniform."
And the other side.
Zhou Shaoping is also doing the same calculation.
Shushasha—
Looking at Xu Yun and Zhou Shaoping who were calculating, Elder Yang also looked a little serious.
During the first hour of the calculation, Mr. Yang had been recuperating in his seat, and he really didn't have the energy to pay attention to the whole process.
When he woke up, Xu Yun and Zhou Shaoping had already made a plan to rotate the matrix elements of the operator around the y-axis.
One of the bases of this scheme is Yang Lao’s Yang Mills field, so when Xu Yun calculated the Hamiltonian eigenstate equation, Yang Lao realized that they might encounter problems.
Although I don't know why Xu Yun didn't choose the simpler vector rotation with a limited angle, but it's too late to turn around at this time, so Yang Lao cheered up and began to think about the solution by himself.
Relying on his own solid physical foundation, Mr. Yang really thought of a plan, but he was only 60% to 70% sure. For an elder who is over a hundred years old and has listened to the report for several hours, this is a plan. It is already an exaggerated value.
More than ten minutes passed.
Xu Yun and Zhou Shaoping put down their pens at the same time.
Zhou Shaoping first looked at Mr. Yang, and then asked Xu Yun:
"Xiao Xu, what's your result?"
Xu Yun moved the pen away, and pushed the calculation paper in front of Zhou Shaoping.
Zhou Shaoping took a few glances, and suddenly pushed his own calculation paper forward.
唰—
The two pieces of calculation paper were butted together head-to-head.
As you can see from the lens above, the same general solution is written on the two pieces of paper:
ψ(φk)=C1Dv1(iωkcφk)+CDv(2ωkcφk).
(end of this chapter)
