MTL - African Entrepreneurship Records-Chapter 173 The Direction of Agriculture in 1869
Chapter 173 Direction of Agricultural Development in 1869
In 1869, East Africa's agricultural plan was mainly to continue to reclaim wasteland, and as before, priority should be given to reclaiming land in border areas.
In Ernst's view, in the era of industrialization, agricultural areas are naturally buffer zones, which can not only maintain population, ensure border security, but also not be too distressed when a war breaks out. After all, compared with destroying an industrial area, blowing up an area of farmland It is obviously painless (refer to Northeast China, Ukraine), and the follow-up treatment of the farmland is good, and production can resume quickly.
Of course, this is relative to big countries. For those countries with small land areas and land resources that directly threaten their survival, they must try their best to **** any land around them (see Israel).
If the East African colony is regarded as a country, its area has reached 2 million square kilometers, which is not considered a small country in any era.
In order to ensure the safety of the East African colonies, immigrants give priority to the border area, which is in line with the actual situation for East Africa, which is relatively sparsely populated.
The current border areas in East Africa are basically good land except for those near Somalia. The Rufuma River Basin in the south, the coast of Lake Malawi, the coast of Lake Solon (Lake Tanganyika) in the west, the Mitumba Mountains, and the northwest The Friedrich (Albert) Lake in the north and the Omo River Basin in the north are good places with plenty of water.
At the same time, increasing the number of immigrants in border areas can also isolate the surrounding indigenous people.
Ask how to solve the problem of the blackening of France in the previous life. According to Ernst, it is the problem of being able to give birth. If the French natives are really able to give birth, it is not the problem of France turning black, but the problem of the French colonies (West Africa, North Africa) turning white.
Immigrants in this era, especially those in the East African colonies, were mainly farmers and had the highest fertility rate.
Divide them on the border. In the future, the overpopulation will overflow, no matter whether it is inward or outward, it will not be harmful to East Africa.
From past experience, one of the most misguided paths in tropical agriculture is blindly planting cash crops for economic benefits, which eventually leads to the loss of food autonomy.
So, in East Africa, Ernst has always adhered to the bottom line of planting food crops. Otherwise, like the German East Africa in the previous life, all plantations were built in East Africa, and the East African colonies would be able to profit from plantations alone.
An important measure used by Ernst to ensure food security in East Africa is to plant everything. A single crop is easy to suffer heavy losses. For example, the Great Irish Famine was caused by the potato fungus.
At present, in the East African colonies, there are basically staple foods that can be grown, except barley and other crops suitable for cold zone cultivation.
In 1869, East Africa should continue to promote the planting of a variety of staple food crops, while continuing to expand the introduction of economic crops in East Africa.
The introduction of economic crops is not easy in this era, such as tea, which was originally controlled by the country of origin.
Of course, it is still possible to think of a way, such as rubber, which originated in South America. According to rumors in previous lives, Brazil banned the export of rubber seeds and saplings.
In the previous life, the source of the rubber plantation seeds in Southeast Asia was the Englishman Henry Alexander Wickham who stole them from Brazil and brought them back to England and then planted them in Southeast Asia and other regions.
Wickehan openly claimed to have stolen 70,000 Hevea seeds from the Santarém region of Brazil
In fact, historians later discovered that the Brazilian government at that time may not have banned the export of rubber seeds. Wickham's description was probably boasting.
And Ernst naturally wanted to try whether the Brazilian government of this era really had such strict control over rubber as Wickham described.
The facts are obvious. Now the rubber in East Africa has been planted. Maybe the Brazilian government really controlled the rubber at a certain time, but the people Ernst sent to Brazil did not encounter this situation.
And with the current chaotic situation in South America (Paraguay War), it is difficult for so many countries in South America to have such strong organizational capabilities.
And rubber is not unique to Brazil, because the Amazon rainforest is not only exclusive to Brazil, but also distributed in a small amount in other countries. It can basically be concluded that the information obtained from the marketing account in this previous life is false.
Most countries in this era have poor organizational capabilities, and it is very difficult to control certain things.
And what the colonists want may not be discussed with you, just grab it directly, with a gun on your forehead, you can say yes.
The bureaucrats of many countries in this era are quite poor, and it is quite difficult to expect them to make a difference. For example, countries like Tsarist Russia and Brazil basically spend money to do things. For big nobles and big capitalists like Ernst Very easy to penetrate.
So East Africa has achieved very good results in the introduction of economic crops, and more than 20 kinds of tea have been introduced.
In addition, the East African Agricultural Research Institute is conducting investigations and research on native plants in East Africa, and many species unique to East Africa will also be developed in the future.
Currently, the development strategy of East African agriculture is to further improve tool innovation, speed up livestock breeding, and speed up the construction of water conservancy facilities.
The cost of mechanization is too high, and before the appearance of diesel engines, cattle and horses were the most important source of power for agriculture.
Backed by the Berlin Energy Power Company, in the future East Africa can directly pay for the ticket and get on the train, skipping the stage of agricultural steam engines.
It is true that the steam engine is too expensive and the efficiency is not high, and it is not cost-effective to introduce it vigorously now, and only those countries with deep pockets use steam agricultural machinery (Britain, America, etc.).
Even the largest manufacturer of agricultural steam engines in the United States in history has only produced more than 36,000 units. It can be seen that this thing is not affordable for ordinary people in the United States.
After all, more than 36,000 agricultural steam engines are placed on the soil of the United States, and there is no splash.
Rice needs to be eaten at one bite, and agricultural development must conform to the actual situation in East Africa. Now East Africa is only suitable for developing the livestock power of cattle and horses to improve the efficiency of East African agriculture. Moreover, an important purpose of developing livestock is to reduce dependence on slaves.
The construction of water conservancy facilities is a century-old project for East Africa, and it must be paid attention to at any time.
In East Africa in 1868, apart from the war, the most important thing was road construction and water conservancy construction.
Especially the application of windmills. In the second half of the year alone, tens of thousands of agricultural irrigation windmills were built in East Africa, which greatly improved the efficiency of agricultural irrigation.
As for the area of agricultural cultivation in East Africa, in 1869 it also depends on the situation of new immigrants entering East Africa.
People's energy is limited. Relying on the current productivity in East Africa, the per capita development of about 12.75 mu of land is already the limit. Subsequent land development still depends on the number of new immigrants.
For example, some of the new immigrants who arrived in East Africa in December 1868 may still be on their way to the designated area in the interior. Only after they arrive at the designated area can they develop new land, and the original immigrants will naturally continue to take care of the already developed land. .
(end of this chapter)
